At Tangent Labs, we’re currently experimenting with integrating Twitter into our project workflow to provide a latest activity feed in a easily digestible format (for both developers and non-technical people). For a pilot project, we’ve created a Twitter account and added an SVN post-commit hook script that updates Twitter with the latest commit information (commit message, affected files, author). We’re going to integrate our bug-tracking software shortly too but that’s not the subject of this post.
Instead, I’m going to detail a custom Phing task I’ve written that updates the project Twitter account. This allows notices of builds (to test, stage and production) to be integrated into a single feed. One of the great things about Twitter is its API and the range of applications already written to interact with it. My current favourite client is Gwibber, which (amongst other things) displays a small pop-up whenever the account gets a new update. Having this running while working on the project is great for staying informed with the latest activity, be it new commits, opened tickets or deployments.
The task I’ve written is TwitterUpdateTask.php and should be copied into your
$PATH_TO_PHING/ext/my/ folder (create it if it doesn’t exist already).
Mirroring the format of the Phing docs, this task has the following attributes:
Name Type Description Default Required
username String Twitter username n/a Yes password String Twitter password n/a Yes message String Update message n/a Yes checkreturn Boolean Whether to check the request return code false No
A simple example build.xml file using this task is as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<project name="Simple Twitter update" basedir="." default="tweet">
<tstamp>
<format property="build.time" pattern="%Y-%m-%d %H:%I" />
</tstamp>
<taskdef name="twitterupdate" classname="phing.tasks.my.TwitterUpdateTask" />
<target name="tweet">
<twitterupdate
username="example" password="mypassword"
message="Build at ${build.time}" />
</target>
</project>
This simply updates the Twitter status with the time of the last build. A more useful means of using this task is to parameterise the Twitter target to take a specified message so that it can be called from different deployment targets:
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<project name="Example Twitter update" basedir="." default="deploy-to-test">
<tstamp>
<format property="build.time" pattern="%Y-%m-%d %H:%I" />
</tstamp>
<taskdef name="twitterupdate" classname="phing.tasks.my.TwitterUpdateTask" />
<target name="tweet">
<twitterupdate
username="dave_test" password="eggnog"
message="${twitter.status}" />
</target>
<target name="deploy-to-test">
<phingcall target="tweet">
<property
name="twitter.status"
value="Deploying to test: ${build.time}" />
</phingcall>
</target>
<target name="deploy-to-stage">
<phingcall target="tweet">
<property
name="twitter.status"
value="Deploying to stage: ${build.time}" />
</phingcall>
</target>
<target name="deploy-to-production">
<phingcall target="tweet">
<property
name="twitter.status"
value="Deploying to production: ${build.time}" />
</phingcall>
</target>
</project>
There are lots of extensions from this idea such as updating Twitter with continuous integration results, failed builds, code coverage metrics.
The source code for TwitterUpdateTask.php is as follows (with docblocks stripped out for brevity):
<?php
require_once "phing/Task.php";
class TwitterUpdateTask extends Task
{
const URL_TEMPLATE_UPDATE = 'http://twitter.com/statuses/update.xml?status=%s';
const MAXIMUM_MESSAGE_LENGTH = 140;
// Twitter response codes
const HTTP_RESPONSE_SUCCESS = 200;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_NOT_MODIFIED = 304;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_REQUEST = 400;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_CREDENTIALS = 401;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_FORBIDDEN = 403;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_URL = 404;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_SERVER_ERROR = 500;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_GATEWAY = 502;
const HTTP_RESPONSE_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503;
private static $responseMessages = array(
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_NOT_MODIFIED => 'Status hasn\'t changed since last update',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_REQUEST => 'Bad request - you may have exceeded the rate limit',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_CREDENTIALS => 'Your username and password did not authenticate',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_FORBIDDEN => 'Forbidden request - Twitter are refusing to honour the request',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_URL => 'The Twitter URL is invalid',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_SERVER_ERROR => 'There is a problem with the Twitter server',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_BAD_GATEWAY => 'Twitter is either down or being upgraded',
self::HTTP_RESPONSE_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE => 'Twitter servers are overloaded and refusing request',
);
private $username;
private $password;
private $message;
private $checkReturn = false;
public function setUsername($username) {
$this->username = $username;
}
public function setPassword($password) {
$this->password = $password;
}
public function setMessage($message)
{
$this->message = trim($message);
}
public function setCheckReturn($checkReturn)
{
$this->checkReturn = (boolean)$checkReturn;
}
public function init()
{
if (!extension_loaded('curl')) {
throw new BuildException("Cannot update Twitter", "The cURL extension is not installed");
}
}
public function main()
{
$this->validateProperties();
$curlHandle = curl_init();
curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_POST, true);
curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array());
curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_URL, $this->getUpdateUrl());
curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "$this->username:$this->password");
curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
curl_setopt($curlHandle, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Expect:'));
$twitterData = curl_exec($curlHandle);
$responseCode = curl_getinfo($curlHandle, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE);
$errorCode = curl_errno($curlHandle);
$errorMessage = curl_error($curlHandle);
curl_close($curlHandle);
if (0 != $errorCode) {
throw new BuildException("cURL error ($errorCode): $errorMessage");
}
$this->handleTwitterResponseCode((int)$responseCode);
}
private function validateProperties()
{
if (!$this->username || !$this->password) {
throw new BuildException("You must specify a Twitter username and password");
}
if (!$this->message) {
throw new BuildException("You must specify a message");
} elseif (strlen($this->message) > self::MAXIMUM_MESSAGE_LENGTH) {
$this->message = substr($this->message, 0, self::MAXIMUM_MESSAGE_LENGTH);
$this->log("Message is greater than the maximum message length - truncating...", Project::MSG_WARN);
}
}
private function getUpdateUrl()
{
return sprintf(self::URL_TEMPLATE_UPDATE, $this->getEncodedMessage());
}
private function getEncodedMessage()
{
return urlencode(stripslashes(urldecode($this->message)));
}
private function handleTwitterResponseCode($code)
{
if ($code == self::HTTP_RESPONSE_SUCCESS) {
$this->log("Twitter status updated to: '$this->message'", Project::MSG_INFO);
return;
}
if (array_key_exists($code, self::$responseMessages)) {
$this->handleFailedUpdate(self::$responseMessages[$code]);
} else {
$this->handleFailedUpdate("Unrecognised HTTP response code '$code' from Twitter");
}
}
private function handleFailedUpdate($failureMessage)
{
if (true === $this->checkReturn) {
throw new BuildException($failureMessage);
}
$this->log("Update unsuccessful: $failureMessage", Project::MSG_WARN);
}
}
The fully documented source and associated example build.xml file are available to download: